1. 2013년 6월 마지막주

1. The Prison-Door

 

A throng of bearded men, in sad-colored garments and gray, steeple-crowned hats, intermixed with women, some wearing hoods, and others bareheaded, was assembled in front of a wooden edifice, the door of which was heavily timbered with oak, and studded with iron spikes.

 The founders of a new colony, whatever Utopia of human virtue and happiness they might originally project, have invariably recognized it among their earliest practical necessities to allot a portion of the virgin soil as a cemetery, and another portion as the site of a prison. In accordance with this rule, it may safely be assumed that the forefathers of Boston had built the first  prison-house, somewhere in the vicinity of Cornhill, almost as seasonably as they marked out the first burial-gound, on Isaac Johnson's lot, and round about his grave, which subsequently became the nucleus of all the congregated sepulchres in the old churchyard of King's Chapel.

 위키피디아에서..

garment: (formal) a piece of clothing

clothing: clothes : 옷.의복류 전반을 지칭..갠 옷을 잘 입어. she was wearing smart clothes.

콕 집어 누군가가 입고 있는 옷에 대해 말할때=clothes // 불특정 사람들의 옷에 대해 말할때, 특정한 옷= clothing ;여름 옷을 사야해...summer clothing 따듯한 옷을 챙겨. some warm clothing

 

crown 왕관..steeple-crowned 높고 뾰족한 //  timber: 목재 timbered 목재로 된

 

virtue: 미덕. 덕성. 형) virtuous

virtual: 사실상..거의 다름없는 ..컴의 가상현실 virtual reality

 

invariably=always

 

실용적 필요들

 

allot: 할당하다

forefather -ancestor

foresee: 예견하다 선견지명  foresight 전쟁의 예상하나 foresee war

 

vicinity: 부근 인근 근처, // seasonably: 시기적절하게, //subsequently: 그 뒤에 나중에

nucleus: 중추의  중심, 중앙,// congregate: 모이다. //sepulchre: 무덤, 매장지.(돌로된)

 

1) 들어보기

http://ia600408.us.archive.org/15/items/scarlet_letter_0710/scarletletter_01_hawthorne_64kb.mp3

 

2)위키피디아에서 복사..

King's Chapel Burying Ground was founded in 1630 as the first cemetery in the city of Boston. According to custom, the first interment was that of the land’s original owner, Isaac Johnson. It was Boston's only burial site for 30 years (1630-1660). After being unable to locate land elsewhere, in 1686 the local Anglican congregation was allotted land in the cemetery to build King's Chapel.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King%27s_Chapel_Burying_Ground